@Article{Supelec565,
author = {Massimo Alonzo and Frederico Pettazzi and Marco Bazzan and Nicola Argiolas and Maria Ciampolillo and Schirin Heidari Bateni and Cinzia Sada and Delphine Wolfersberger and Adrian Petris and Valentin Vlad and Eugenio Fazio},
title = {{Self-confined beams in erbium–doped lithium niobate}},
journal = {Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics},
year = {2010},
volume = {12},
number = {1},
pages = {015206-1-6},
month = {Jan},
doi = {10.1088/2040-8978/12/1/015206},
abstract = {We experimentally investigate the formation of self-confined beams in lithium niobate crystals which are doped in the bulk with erbium. Samples have been grown by Czochralski method with erbium nominal concentrations varying in the range 0.0 - 0.7 %mol in the melt. The speeds of beam confinement depend on the applied bias and on the beam intensity, as expected, but on the doping level as well. The erbium incorporation influences both the electro-optic coefficient and the photovoltaic field. A very general dependence of the confined beam waist on the refractive index change was experimentally derived, valid now for every lithium niobate crystal, independently on its growing procedure or doping.}
}